字符串提取数据的4种方法

program main
    use iso_c_binding
    implicit none

    interface
        !void c_sscanf(const char *str,const char *ft,int *r,int *g,int *b)
        subroutine c_sscanf(str,ft,r,g,b) bind(c) !封装c语言sscanf子程序
            import::c_char,c_int
            character(c_char),intent(in)::str(*),ft(*) 
            integer(c_int)::r,g,b
        end subroutine
        !void c_strtok(char *str,char *ft,int *num,char out[],int *len)
        subroutine c_strtok(str,ft,num,out,len) bind(c) !封装c语言strtok子程序 
            import::c_char,c_int
            character(c_char),intent(in)::str(*),ft(*) 
            integer(c_int)::num !子字符串个数
            character(kind=c_char)::out(*) !子字符串拼接
            integer(c_int)::len !字符串长度
        end subroutine
    end interface
    
    integer::left,right !边界位置
    integer(c_int)::r,g,b,lenth,num
    character(100)::temp_str !用于占位
    character(100)::out 
    character(:),allocatable::str,sep !被解析字符串 间隔符
    !方法1
    str="SetColor(255,30,58)" !被解析字符串 
    sep=str(13:13) !间隔符
    write(*,"('被解析字符串:',a)")str
    write(*,"('间隔符:[',a,']')")sep
    read(str,"(a9,i3,a1,i2,a1,i2)")temp_str,r,temp_str,g,temp_str,b 
    write(*,"('方法1:',*(i0,1x))")r,g,b !缺点：i格式宽度必须固定
    r=0;g=0;b=0 !置0
    
    if(sep=="," .or. sep==" ")then !间隔符限制(" "或",")
        !方法2
        left=index(str,"(") !左边界位置
        right=index(str,")") !右边界位置
        read(str(left+1:right-1),*)r,g,b 
        write(*,"('方法2:',*(i0,1x))")r,g,b !缺点：间隔符限制(" "或",")
        r=0;g=0;b=0 !置0
    end if
    !方法3
    call c_sscanf(str//c_null_char,"SetColor(%d"//sep//"%d"//sep//"%d)"//c_null_char,r,g,b)
    write(*,"('方法3:',*(i0,1x))")r,g,b !缺点：Fortran不支持可变形参，参数个数变化需修改c源代码和Fortran接口
    r=0;g=0;b=0 !置0
    !方法4
    call c_strtok(str//c_null_char,"("//sep//")"//c_null_char,num,out,lenth) !方法1
    write(*,"('元素个数:',i0,/'字符串长度:',i0)")num,lenth
    write(*,"('字符串:',a)")out(1:lenth)
    read(out(1:lenth),*)temp_str,r,g,b
    write(*,"('方法4:',*(i0,1x))")r,g,b !较复杂
    deallocate(str,sep)
    read(*,*)
end program